Drotrecogin alfa (activated) is a human recombinant form of activated protein C, an anticoagulant protein naturally produced by the body. It is used to reduce mortality in adult patients with severe sepsis, a life-threatening condition caused by a severe infection. It works by helping to balance the body’s natural clotting process, reducing the risk of clots forming in the lungs, which can cause organ failure. Drotrecogin alfa (activated) is administered through a short intravenous infusion.
Drotrecogin alfa, also known by the brand name Xigris (withdrawn from the market), was a medication that had a complex history. Here's a breakdown of what it was and why it's no longer used:
What it was supposed to do:
- Drotrecogin alfa was a recombinant form of activated protein C, a naturally occurring protein in the blood.
- It was initially intended to treat severe sepsis, a life-threatening condition that occurs when the body's response to an infection injures its own tissues and organs.
- The idea was that drotrecogin alfa would help dampen the inflammatory response and improve blood clotting, potentially improving outcomes in severe sepsis.
What happened:
- Drotrecogin alfa was approved by the FDA in 2001 based on promising initial studies.
- However, later large-scale studies failed to show a significant benefit in reducing mortality from sepsis.
- Additionally, there were concerns about an increased risk of bleeding associated with the medication.
Outcome:
- Due to the lack of proven effectiveness and the potential bleeding risk, Eli Lilly, the drug's manufacturer, withdrew Xigris from the market in 2011.
Current Treatment for Sepsis:
While drotrecogin alfa is no longer used, there are other treatment approaches for sepsis, including:
- Antibiotics to fight the infection
- Intravenous fluids to restore blood volume and pressure
- Medications to support blood pressure and organ function
- Respiratory support if needed
Important takeaway:
Drotrecogin alfa is no longer a viable treatment option for sepsis. If you have concerns about sepsis, it's crucial to seek prompt medical attention for proper diagnosis and evidence-based treatment.