Mepolizumab is a monoclonal antibody medicine that is used to treat a type of inflammatory lung disease called eosinophilic asthma. It works by targeting and blocking an inflammatory protein called interleukin-5 (IL-5). By blocking IL-5, mepolizumab can reduce the number of eosinophils in the lungs, which can reduce inflammation and improve asthma symptoms. Mepolizumab is given as an injection every four weeks. It is available in both brand name and generic forms.
Mepolizumab is a medication used to treat several conditions related to an immune system response involving a type of white blood cell called eosinophils. Here's a breakdown of its key aspects:
Function:
- Targets eosinophils: Mepolizumab belongs to a class of drugs called monoclonal antibodies. It specifically targets and binds to a protein called interleukin-5 (IL-5), which plays a critical role in the production and survival of eosinophils.
- Treats eosinophilic conditions: By reducing the number of eosinophils, Mepolizumab helps manage diseases where eosinophils contribute to inflammation and tissue damage.
Conditions Mepolizumab Treats:
- Severe Eosinophilic Asthma: In adults and children aged 6 and above with a specific type of asthma characterized by high eosinophil levels. It's used as an add-on therapy with other asthma medications.
- Eosinophilic Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (EGPA): This is a rare autoimmune disease affecting the respiratory system and blood vessels, where eosinophils play a role. Mepolizumab is used as a treatment in adults.
- Hypereosinophilic Syndrome (HES): A group of disorders characterized by abnormally high eosinophil levels and damage to organs. Mepolizumab is used for treatment in adults and children aged 12 and above who have had HES for at least six months.
How it Works:
- By binding to IL-5, Mepolizumab prevents it from interacting with its receptor on eosinophils. This disrupts the signals that promote eosinophil development and survival, leading to a decrease in their numbers.
Administration:
- Mepolizumab is typically administered as a subcutaneous injection (under the skin) by a healthcare professional or self-administered at home after proper training.
- The dosing schedule depends on the specific condition being treated.
Important Considerations:
- Mepolizumab can cause side effects, including injection site reactions, headache, fever, muscle aches, and fatigue.
- It's crucial to inform your doctor about any allergies or medications you are taking before starting Mepolizumab.
- Mepolizumab does not cure the underlying condition but helps manage symptoms and prevent flare-ups.