Rubixanthin

International Numbering System (INS) for Food Additives: 161d 

Food additives Europe numbers:E161d 

Rubixanthin is interesting, but it's not actually a medicine or a substance directly used in medical treatment. Here's what it is:

• Natural pigment: Rubixanthin is a natural carotenoid, specifically a type called a xanthophyll pigment [1, 2]. It's found in various fruits and plants, most notably rose hips [2].
• Food coloring (limited use): In the past, rubixanthin was used as a food additive (E161d) to impart a red-orange color to food [2]. However, its approval for this purpose has been withdrawn in the European Union (EU) due to safety concerns [3]. It's still allowed in some other countries with regulations, like Australia and New Zealand [2].

While rubixanthin isn't used medically, some research suggests potential health benefits:

• Antioxidant properties: Studies suggest rubixanthin may act as an antioxidant, potentially helping protect cells from damage caused by free radicals [4].
• Possible role in vision health: Some early research indicates rubixanthin might play a role in eye health, but more studies are needed to confirm this [5].

Important to note:

• Limited research: Currently, there's not enough scientific evidence to confirm any specific health benefits or recommend rubixanthin for medical use.
• Food sources are likely safest: If interested in the potential benefits of rubixanthin, it's generally safe to consume it through its natural sources like rose hips. However, it's always best to consult with a healthcare professional before making significant changes to your diet.