Sacubitril (trade name Entresto) is a medication used to treat heart failure. It is a combination of the drugs valsartan and sacubitril, and works by inhibiting the enzyme neprilysin, which breaks down the naturally occurring natriuretic peptides. This allows these peptides to act in the body to reduce blood pressure and improve blood flow. Sacubitril also reduces the risk of hospitalization due to worsening heart failure and can reduce the need for other medications that may have side effects. It is taken orally and is available in tablets and as a powder.
Sacubitril is one half of a medication combination product sold under the brand name Entresto. The other half is valsartan [1]. Let's delve into what Sacubitril does and how Entresto works:
What it is:
- Sacubitril, by itself, isn't a complete medication. It belongs to a class of drugs called neprilysin (NEP) inhibitors [1, 2].
- NEP is an enzyme that helps regulate blood pressure and heart function [2].
How it works in Entresto:
- Sacubitril combines with valsartan (an angiotensin receptor blocker or ARB) to create a two-pronged attack on high blood pressure and heart failure [1, 2].
- Sacubitril inhibits NEP, which can help increase levels of natriuretic peptides (hormones that regulate blood pressure and fluid balance) and decrease levels of angiotensin II (a substance that constricts blood vessels) [2].
- Valsartan blocks the action of angiotensin II, further relaxing blood vessels and lowering blood pressure [2].
- This combined effect helps reduce strain on the heart, improve its function, and alleviate symptoms of heart failure.
Conditions it treats:
- Entresto, which contains sacubitril, is specifically approved for chronic heart failure (CHF) and left ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVSD) [1].
- CHF is a condition where the heart can't pump blood effectively.
- LVSD is a weakening of the heart's main pumping chamber (left ventricle).
Availability:
- Entresto comes in tablet form and is taken by mouth, typically twice a day [1].
Important things to know:
- Entresto can cause side effects like low blood pressure, dizziness, fatigue, and cough [1].
- It can interact with other medications, so it's vital to tell your doctor about all medications you take [1].
- Entresto is not suitable for pregnant or breastfeeding women due to potential risks to the developing fetus or infant [1].
Before taking Entresto:
- Consult your doctor to determine if it's the right medication for your condition [1].
- Discuss your medical history, including any allergies or kidney problems, with your doctor [1].