Selegiline is a medication used to treat symptoms of Parkinson's disease, such as tremor, stiffness, and slow movement. It belongs to a class of drugs known as monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs). Selegiline works by increasing the neurotransmitters dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain, which helps reduce some of the symptoms of Parkinson's disease. It is usually taken as a tablet once or twice daily. Common side effects include nausea, headaches, dizziness, and insomnia.
Selegiline, also known by brand names like Eldepryl, Emsam, and Zelapar, is a medication used for two main purposes [1]:
- Parkinson's disease: It helps manage symptoms of Parkinson's disease, a neurodegenerative disorder that affects movement.
- Major depressive disorder: In some cases, it can be used as an add-on therapy for major depressive disorder.
How it Works:
Selegiline works by affecting the levels of certain chemicals in the brain, particularly dopamine [1, 2]. Dopamine is a neurotransmitter that plays a crucial role in movement, mood, and motivation.
In Parkinson's Disease:
- In the brain of people with Parkinson's disease, dopamine-producing nerve cells are damaged. Selegiline helps slow down the breakdown of dopamine, allowing it to function for a longer duration and improve movement control.
- It is often used in combination with other medications like levodopa to manage symptoms more effectively.
In Major Depressive Disorder:
- The exact mechanism in depression is not fully understood, but selegiline may help increase dopamine and other neurotransmitters that influence mood.
- It's typically used as an add-on therapy for patients who haven't responded adequately to other antidepressants.
Dosage and Administration:
- Selegiline comes in different forms, including capsules, tablets, orally disintegrating tablets (placed on the tongue), and a transdermal patch applied to the skin [1].
- The specific dosage and administration method will depend on the condition being treated and your individual needs.
Benefits and Side Effects:
- Parkinson's disease: Selegiline can improve symptoms like tremors, rigidity, and slowness of movement in Parkinson's disease [1].
- Major depressive disorder: When used as an add-on therapy, selegiline may help alleviate symptoms of depression [1].
- As with any medication, there can be side effects. Common side effects of selegiline include nausea, dizziness, headache, and sleep disturbances [1].
Important Considerations:
- Selegiline can interact with other medications, so it's crucial to disclose your full list of medications to your doctor before starting it [1].
- People with certain medical conditions, such as uncontrolled high blood pressure or a history of seizures, may not be suitable candidates for selegiline [1].
- If you have any questions or concerns about Selegiline, talk to your doctor. They can advise you on whether this medication is suitable for your specific condition.