Trilaciclib (G1T28) is a novel small-molecule inhibitor of CDK4/6, developed by G1 Therapeutics. CDK4/6 are key regulators of progression through the cell cycle, and are over-expressed in many types of cancer, including small cell lung cancer (SCLC). By inhibiting CDK4/6, Trilaciclib could potentially help reduce the growth of SCLC tumors. In preclinical studies, Trilaciclib has been shown to reduce tumor growth and improve survival in mouse models of SCLC. In addition, Trilaciclib has been demonstrated to reduce the risk of chemotherapy-induced bone marrow toxicity, a common side effect of standard SCLC treatments. G1 Therapeutics is currently conducting clinical trials to evaluate the safety and efficacy of Trilaciclib in SCLC.
Trilaciclib, sold under the brand name Cosela, is a medication used to reduce the frequency of chemotherapy-induced bone marrow suppression, a condition where the bone marrow makes fewer blood cells . It is given by intravenous infusion before chemotherapy.
Trilaciclib is the first cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 (CDK4/6) inhibitor approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for this purpose. It works by temporarily halting the cell cycle in healthy bone marrow cells, protecting them from the damaging effects of chemotherapy. This allows the bone marrow to recover more quickly after chemotherapy, reducing the risk of complications such as infection and bleeding.
Trilaciclib is currently approved for use in adults with extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC) who are receiving chemotherapy. It is being studied for use in other types of cancer and in combination with other cancer treatments.
Common side effects of trilaciclib include fatigue, low levels of calcium, potassium, and phosphate in the blood, increased levels of an enzyme called aspartate aminotransferase in the blood, headache, and lung infection (pneumonia).