Vigabatrin

Vigabatrin is a prescription medicine used to treat seizures caused by certain types of epilepsy. It works by increasing levels of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the brain, which is a chemical that helps reduce abnormal electrical activity in the brain that causes seizures. Vigabatrin is used in combination with other seizure medications and is taken by mouth, usually twice a day. It is available in tablet and powder forms.

Vigabatrin is a medication used to treat certain types of seizures [1, 2]. Here's a breakdown of its key aspects:

What it is:

• An antiepileptic drug (AED) [1].
• It works by increasing the level of a calming chemical messenger in the brain called gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) [1, 2].

What it's used for:

• Primarily used for two specific seizure conditions:
  • Infantile spasms: A type of seizure that affects babies [1, 2].
  • Refractory complex partial seizures in adults and children 2 years and older: These are seizures that have not been controlled by other medications [1].

How it works:

• Vigabatrin irreversibly inhibits an enzyme called GABA transaminase (GABA-T) [2].
• GABA-T normally breaks down GABA in the brain. By inhibiting this enzyme, Vigabatrin allows more GABA to accumulate, leading to a calming effect on brain activity and potentially reducing seizures [2].

Important things to know:

• Vigabatrin is typically used as an add-on therapy, meaning it's combined with other seizure medications [2].
• Due to potential vision loss side effects, Vigabatrin is usually only prescribed when other medications haven't been effective [2, 3].
• It's crucial to discuss the risks and benefits of Vigabatrin with your doctor before starting the medication [2, 3].

Potential side effects:

• Vision problems, including permanent vision loss (a serious risk) [2, 3].
• Drowsiness [1].
• Mood changes or behavioral problems [1].
• Dizziness [1].