International Numbering System (INS) for Food Additives: 107
Food additives Europe numbers: E107
Yellow 2G, also known by its E number E107, is a synthetic food coloring that has been somewhat controversial [1]. Here's a breakdown of its characteristics, applications, and safety considerations:
Function:
- Food Coloring: Yellow 2G's primary function is to add a yellow color to various processed foods and beverages [2]. It creates a bright yellow hue that can enhance visual appeal.
Applications:
Despite its coloring ability, Yellow 2G has limited use due to safety concerns (more on that below). In some regions where it is still approved, it may be found in a small range of processed foods, such as:
- Baked Goods: Potentially used in commercially produced bakery items like cakes or pastries for yellow coloring [3]. However, its use is likely limited due to safety concerns.
- Candy and Sweets: Candy, chewing gum, or frosting might have contained Yellow 2G for yellow coloring in the past [4]. Again, its use is likely restricted or banned in many regions.
- Beverages: Historically, Yellow 2G might have been used in some soft drinks or other beverages for yellow coloring [5]. Its use for this purpose is uncommon due to safety concerns.
Safety:
- Limited Approval: While Yellow 2G was once more widely used, safety concerns have led to restrictions or bans in many countries, including the European Union [6].
- Potential Allergic Reactions: Some people might experience allergic reactions to Yellow 2G, including symptoms like hives, itching, or asthma, particularly those with aspirin intolerance or asthma [7].
- Limited Research on Long-Term Effects: Research on the long-term effects of Yellow 2G consumption is relatively limited [8].
Alternatives:
There are numerous safe and approved yellow food colorings available, such as:
- Beta-Carotene: A natural carotenoid found in many fruits and vegetables, imparting a yellow-orange color [9].
- Turmeric: A natural spice commonly used as a food coloring, providing a yellow hue [10].
- Riboflavin (Vitamin B2): A B vitamin with a yellow color, sometimes used for food coloring [11].
Overall:
Yellow 2G is a synthetic food coloring with limited applications due to safety concerns. Many countries and regions have restricted or banned its use. If you're concerned about food additives, always check food labels and consult a healthcare professional for personalized guidance.